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Objective:To study the feasibility of non-fasting blood lipid detection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .Methods:A total of 426 diabetic patients hospitalized in the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from Oct. 2018 to Apr. 2019 were selected to collect blood samples from the fasting and non-fasting state of the patients respectively. The levels of plasma three acylglycerol (TG) , total cholesterol (TC) , high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured at the same time, and self-control method was used. The results of two tests were compared with the wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results:Compared with the fasting results, non-fasting TG increased by 0.25 mmol/L (11.2%) , with statistical significance ( P<0.05) ; TC increased by 0.17 mmol/L (4.5%) , HDL-C increased by 0.08 mmol/L (5.7%) , and LDL-C decreased by 0.05 mmol/L (5.9%) , without significant differenc ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Except for TG, non-fasting TC, HDL-C, LDL-C has little change compared with those in fasting state, which can replace fasting blood lipid detection as a method for detecting blood lipid profile in patients with T2DM.
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Objective To compare the difference between fasting blood lipids and non－fasting blood lipids in children in Tianjin,and to explore the feasibility of non－fasting blood lipids detection in children.Methods A total of 223 child patients were enrolled in Department of Pediatrics,the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2017 to February 2018,fasting and 1－6 h post－dining blood samples were collected from each patient.Total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high－density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL－C)and low－density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL－C)were measured.Self－control methods were used.Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statisti-cal analysis.Results Compared with fasting lipids,non－fasting TC increased with 0.02 mmol/L,TG increased with 0.01 mmol/L,HDL－C increased with 0.03 mmol/L,while LDL－C decreased with 0.01 mmol/L,but non－high－density lipoprotein cholesterol did not change.Among them,only the difference in HDL －C between the fasting and non－fasting was statistically significant (Z＝ －2.870,P＜0.05).The difference in the change rate of all indicators was ＜3%.According to the dyslipidemia group comparison,the differences in hypercholesterolemia (0.72 mmol/L, Z＝ －2.551,P＝0.011),hypertriglyceridemia (0.73 mmol/L,Z＝ －3. 846,P＜0.001),low high－density lipopro-tein cholesterolemia (－0.04 mmol/L,Z ＝ －8.625,P ＜0.001)and normal level HDL －C (0.1 mmol/L,Z ＝－5.040,P＜0.001)between non －fasting lipids and fasting blood lipids were statistically significant.Conclusions The change of children's blood lipid profile in fasting and non－fasting conditions is little.Lipid testing in children does not require fasting.Blood tests can be performed at any appropriate time point in the normal diet.
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Objective To investigate the adhesion levels in uropathogenic Escherichia coli with various degree of drug resistance.Methods One hundred strains of Escherichia coli isolated from urine specimen were collected from patients admitted to 4 Grade A tertiary hospitals in Tianjin during March 2012 to October 2015.Escherichia coli were divided into drug sensitive group and drug resistant group by drug sensitivity tests with 50 strains in each group.The expressions of fimH,fimA,fimB genes of type I fimbriae and papA,papB,papC,papGII genes of P fimbriae were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and real-time fluorescence quantitative RCR (RT-PCR),respectively.Adhesion ability of type I fimbriae and P fimbriae were tested by yeast cell adhesion test and erythrocyte agglutination test.Chi square test and t(Z) test were used to analyze the data.Results The positive rate of papGII in drug resistant group (42.0%) was significantly higher than that in the drug sensitive group (16.0%)(χ2 =8.208,P 0.05).The expression levels of fimH,fimB and papC genes in the sensitive group were higher than those in the resistant group(Z =3.427,t =5.182 and 8.120,all P <0.05).The adhesion ability of strains carrying type I fimbriae in sensitive group was stronger than that of resistant group (χ2 =5.769,P <0.05).Conclusions The decline in adhesion ability of type I fimbriae in drug resistant E.coli strains is possibly associated with the adaptive cost of bacteria,the transcription and deficiency of other genes encoded by fim and pap gene cluster will also affect the adhesion function of type I pili and type P pili.
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Objective To examine the detection rate of 30 known virulence factors (VFs) of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli(ExPEC), and to investigates the epidemiology of ExPEC in elderly nosocomial infection. Methods A to?tal of 140 ExPEC clinical isolates from elderly nosocomial patients in hospitals in Tianjin were investigated. Multiplex PCR was performed to detect the 30 virulence factors among the E.coli strains and the detection rate of virulence factors for Ex?PEC were compared between isolates from different sites of infection.Fifty E. coli strains were shown to carry fimH gene that was amplified and sequenced. These sequences were used besides3 references strains (CFT037、UTI89 and K-12 ) to detect SNPs of fimH gene using DNAMAN Version 6.0.3.93 these 53 fimH sequences were used for genotyping and building dendrogram by MEGA4 software. Results In ExPEC, the following virulence factor genes, fimH, traT, fyuA, iutA and kpsMT II, had a higher detection rate than those of the rest . The following virulence factor genes, kpsMT II, K5, papC, pa?pEF ,papG allele II (Internal), papA, cnf1 (CNF), sfa/focDE and rfc had a a higher detectionrate from non-urine origin sam?ples than those from urine origin samples. fimH SNPs analysis of the 50 clinical isolated samples and 3 references samples showed 60 SNPs at 57 polymorphic sites. The fimH SNPs analysis classified the 53 strains into 25 genotype. The genetic fin?gerprintings of 11 isolates were exactly the same. Conclusion Many kinds of virulence factors can be found in ExPEC of el?derly nosocomial infection. The ExPEC strain isolated from non-urine origin had a stronger pathogenicity than those from urine-origin specimens. fimH SNPs analysis is suitable for molecular epidemiological investigation of ExPEC in hospital.
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This study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on type 2 diabetic mice model and to provide mechanistic insights into its therapeutic effect. Type 2 diabetic animal model was established with high calorie fat diet and low dose streptozotocin (STZ) injection. Mice were then randomized into 5 groups: model control, FGF21 0.25 and 0.05 μmol x kg(-1) x d(-1) groups, insulin treatment group. Ten age-matched normal KM mouse administered with saline were used as normal controls. Serum glucose, insulin, lipid products and the change of serum and liver tissue inflammation factor levels between five groups of mouse were determined. The results showed that blood glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides, and inflammatory factor average FGF-21 of type 2 diabetes model group and normal control group were significantly higher (P < 0.01), while compared with insulin group, no difference was significant. Average blood glucose, insulin, blood lipid and inflammatory factor of FGF-21 treatment group compared with type 2 diabetes group was significantly lower (P < 0.01) and insulin group has no difference with the model control group. The results of OGTT and HOMA-IR showed that insulin resistance state was significantly relieved in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, this study demonstrates that FGF-21 significantly remits type 2 diabetic mice model's insulin resistance state and participates in the regulation of inflammatory factor levels and type 2 diabetes metabolic disorders.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ulinastatin combined with thymosin α1 in the treatment of severe sepsis in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Normal Wistar rats were subject to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to establish models of severe sepsis. The rats were then randomized into 4 groups for treatment with saline (control), ulinastatin, thymosin α1, or the combination of the latter two injected through the caudal vein or subcutaneously at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after modeling. The mortality rate was recorded daily and the rats were executed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after CLP to harvest the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and small intestines for pathological examination. The spleen of the rats were taken for detection of apoptosis of the spleen cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mortality rate of the septic rats in the combined treatment group was decreased significantly (P=0.0325). The control group showed the most severe organ damage, which was moderate in single drug treatment group and the mildest in combined treatment group. Obvious spleen cell apoptosis was found in the control group, and was significantly ameliorated in the combined treatment group[(47.4∓10.9)% vs (39.3∓11.4)%, P=0.0000].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combined treatment with ulinastatin and thymosin α1 can significantly improve the prognosis and ameliorate organ damage and spleen cell apoptosis in rats with sever sepsis.</p>